Wednesday, March 09, 2011

Innovation starts from the CEO, says co-founder of Apple

INNOVATION LEADERSHIP

By: Lee Xieli, Singapore

Singapore – Companies eager to groom more innovative talent to drive business should have the chief executive set the right corporate culture from the start, says Steve Wozniak, co-founder of Apple.


Wozniak, who founded Apple with Steve Jobs in 1976, said Jobs is a great CEO who encourages innovation right from the start. “Steve was so obviously excellent in everything. He can run every single division and every single aspect of the company.”

Wozniak added, “I was in charge of engineering because I don’t like conflict. I like to keep my feet on the ground and not step on other people’s toes and tell them, ‘Oh, the box should be a different colour, don’t you think?’”

The former engineer at Hewlett Packard told Human Resources leaving the tech company to co-found Apple was the best decision he has ever made in his life. Before he left, he had tried to persuade his former employer to pour resources into his idea at that time but they rejected him five times. “It’s a good thing they turned me down because they would have built a boring product for engineers that wouldn’t have changed the world.”

Wozniak said to the audience that the reason HP turned him down was because it could not find a way to head into a new business direction due to its company culture. “It used to be a type of company that did only one kind of thing so it is very difficult for it to do another kind [of product].”

To inspire an individual to think innovatively, Wozniak said there are different kinds of motivation such as rewards and punishment. “Rewards in business are your salary, job title, the number of houses you have, your cars, your clothing. These are the kinds of things that define the success you have or the standing you have in the society.”

But that alone will not spur an employee to take time out for business innovation. Wozniak said individuals must have their personal intrinsic rewards. “The rewards in your own head – I want to do something for my own reason – are 10 times as strong,” he said.

“You will work on it harder than anyone and sometimes that goal is what leads you to skills that make you better than anyone else in the world at what you do. That is very important in the process of innovation. You got to think that way.”

Woznia was speaking on innovation and creativity at the launch of the DRIVE (DRiving InnoVation Excellence) series by the Singapore Workforce Development Agency (WDA) and Next UTM, an initiative under NTUC LearningHub.

Designed for professionals, managers, executives and technicians (PMETs), the series will provide a knowledge-sharing platform for companies looking to build a more productive, high-performing work environment. Thought leaders and leading practitioners in the field of business excellence would be invited to share best practices during each DRIVE event.

Two new Workforce Skills Qualifications (WSQ) training programmes were also launched yesterday by Jospehine Teo, assistant secretary-general for NTUC.

The WSQ Certified Associate Operations Executive (AOE) programme will help participants address productivity gaps in their companies and develop “T-shaped” competencies in managing quality, people, processes and projects. The programme will train about 300 PMETs over a period of two years.

The WSQ Certified Productivity and Innovation Specialist (CPIS) programme aims to help employees with operational-level responsibilities foster innovation within their organisations. At least 450 workers are set to benefit from this programme annually.

Monday, March 07, 2011

TOLERANSI DENGAN ORANG BUKAN ISLAM SUATU TUNTUTAN DAKWAH

Kebelakangan ini telah berlaku kecelaruan dalam masyarakat khasnya dalam memahami hubungan antara umat Islam dan bukan Islam. Di sini penulis ingin berkongsi ilmu mengenai garis panduan bagaimana seharusnya hubungan tersebut berlangsung. Artikel ini adalah berasakan kepada teks khutbah Jumaat yang dikeluarkan oleh JAKIM pada 9 Oktober 2009 bagi tujuan penyebaran ilmu dan faedah semua.

Islam adalah agama yang sempurna. Islam telah mengatur prinsip-prinsip dasar semua bidang kehidupan umat manusia, termasuk di dalamnya adalah konsep toleransi dan cara hidup dalam masyarakat majmuk dan toleransi dengan orang bukan Islam adalah tuntutan dakwah.

"Allah SWT menciptakan manusia di muka bumi ini dengan perbagai macam suku bangsa, ras, agama dan etnik dan Allah SWT mengajarkan konsep toleransi, dengan tujuan wujudnya perdamaian umat manusia di muka bumi ini", kuthbah tersebut dipetik.

Allah SWT berfirman dalam Surah Al-An’aam ayat 108:Maksudnya : “Dan janganlah kamu caci benda yang mereka sembah selain dari Allah, kerana mereka kelak akan mencaci Allah secara melampaui batas tanpa pengetahuan. Demikianlah Kami memperelokkan pada pandangan tiap-tiap umat akan amal perbuatan mereka, kemudian kepada Tuhan merekalah tempat kembali mereka, lalu Ia menerangkan kepada mereka apa yang mereka telah lakukan.”

Berdasarkan ayat tadi, jelas bahawa umat Islam wajib menghormati masyarakat bukan Islam. Kita ditegah mencemuh atau mengejek mereka, kerana mereka akan membalas penghinaan tersebut. Inilah konsep toleransi yang diajarkan Islam.

"Perbezaan agama sebenarnya bukan penghalang terjalinnya kerukunan dan kedamaian di antara sesama manusia. Meskipun kita bergaul dengan orang yang berbeza iktikad keyakinan, tetapi kedamaian hidup tetap menjadi keutamaan. Allah SWT mengizinkan umat-Nya untuk menjalin kerjasama dan berbuat baik kepada orang yang berbeza akidah sekalipun."

Khutbah juga mengingatkan umat Islam bahawa Allah SWT mengajar kita bagaimana untuk menghormati dan melindungi hak penganut agama lain. Pengajaran paling penting adalah kita dilarang berlaku tidak adil terhadap mereka hanya disebabkan perbezaan akidah. Sebaliknya jika hak Islam digugat, maka baharulah Islam mengizinkan tindakan yang lebih keras.

Ini disebut oleh Allah SWT di dalam surah al-Mumtahanah ayat 8-9:
Maksudnya: “Allah tidak melarang kamu daripada berbuat baik dan berlaku adil kepada orang-orang yang tidak memerangi kamu kerana agamamu, dan tidak mengeluarkan kamu dari kampung halaman kamu; sesungguhnya Allah mengasihi orang yang berlaku adil. Sesungguhnya Allah hanyalah melarang kamu daripada menjadikan teman rapat orang-orang yang memerangi kamu kerana agama (kamu), dan mengeluarkan kamu dari kampung halamanmu, serta mereka membantu (orang lain) untuk mengusir kamu. Dan (ingatlah) sesiapa yang menjadikan mereka teman rapat, maka mereka itulah orang-orang yang zalim”.

Berdasarkan ayat tadi, jelas bahawa Islam menyuruh umatnya menghormati penganut agama lain. Oleh yang demikian, sebarang tindakan kekerasan terhadap masyarakat bukan Islam dengan alasan berbeza agama adalah tidak dibenarkan secara syariat. Sememangnya Al-Quran ada menyebutkan tentang prinsip orang Yahudi dan Nasrani yang tidak akan menerima dan terus membenci umat Islam sehingga kita mengikut agama mereka. Namun, sebagai pengikut Nabi Muhammad SAW yang membawa rahmat sekalian alam, kita tidak dibenarkan memusuhi dan memerangi mereka tanpa alasan yang dibenarkan oleh syara’.

Penghormatan terhadap masyarakat bukan Islam juga telah dibuktikan oleh Rasulullah SAW, tatkala baginda membuat Piagam Madinah. Baginda secara jelas menyebut bahawa orang Yahudi sebagai satu umat. Di antara butir-butir kesepakatan yang terkandung dalam Piagam Madinah ialah sesiapa yang hidup dan tinggal di wilayah Madinah, baik Islam atau pun bukan Islam, dengan syarat tidak berbuat zalim (makar), hendaklah dilindungi dan diberi keamanan.

Dalam sebuah hadith Rasulullah SAW yang diriwayatkan oleh Abu Daud yang mafhumnya: “Barangsiapa menyakiti orang bukan Islam yang berada di bawah perlindungan Islam, maka ia telah menyakiti saya, dan barangsiapa yang menyakiti saya, maka ia telah menyakiti Tuhan”.

Sebagai umat Islam, kita dilarang menghakimi mereka. Tetapi kita hendaklah tegas dalam menyatakan keesaan Allah SWT. Toleransi bukan bererti kita mengakui kebenaran keyakinan mereka. Islam menetapkan bahawa persoalan iman dan ibadat tidak ada toleransi.

"Mimbar menyeru marilah kita merenung kembali pemahaman agama kita. Semoga dengan itu, kita mampu mencapai misi Islam sebagai agama “Rahmatan lil ‘Alamin” yang tersebar ke seluruh penjuru dunia dan bersesuaian dengan penghayatan konsep Satu Malaysia.", menurut teks khutbah itu lagi.

Kandungan Khutbah ini juga mengingkatkan bahawa pemahaman ajaran Islam secara lengkap dan bijaksana akan mempengaruhi strategi dakwah yang berkesan dan teratur, sehingga masyarakat di luar Islam akan tertarik dengan Islam, bukan benci kepada Islam. Kita perlu ingat bahawa kira-kira 40 peratus penduduk negara ini terdiri daripada bukan Islam. Oleh itu, menghormati mereka memberi peluang besar kepada kita untuk berdakwah.

Maksudnya : “Katakanlah wahai Muhammad: Hai orang kafir! Aku tidak akan menyembah apa yang kamu sembah. Dan kamu tidak mahu menyembah (Allah) yang aku sembah. Dan aku tidak akan beribadat secara kamu beribadat. Dan kamu pula tidak mahu beribadat secara aku beribadat. Bagi kamu agama kamu, dan bagiku agamaku. (Surah Al-Kaafirun: 1-6)

Ways to Increase Productivity & Efficiency

Every investor and company involves in business are targeting to gain the highest return in term of profit. They are needs to draws a strategy that can increase productivity and efficiency level. High productivity and efficiency will be eliminating wastage, reduce person-hour, produces higher quality of good and product. All these will directly reducing cost.

There are several ways a business can do to improve productivity and efficiency levels.

a] Train The Workforce – Training the workforce in order to give them more skills or knowledge is clearly a cost to firms. They will often have to pay experts to train employees and will also lose the productive time of employees whilst they are training. However, this increase in cost should be more than offset in the long term by improvements in the workers productivity levels. This is because training should enable workers to work more quickly and more accurately that will produce better quality products.

b] Improve Motivation – A better-motivated workforce will work harder and take pride in their work. This should increase the speed of production and also improve the quality of products that are being produced. There are many different financial (e.g. bonuses) and non-financial ways (e.g. empowerment) for businesses to motivate their workers.

c] More Capital equipment – Investment into new, higher technological machinery can have a number of advantages.
- longer hours can be worked
- Increased speed of production (machine can perform repetitive and complicated tasks more quickly)
- Increase accuracy and therefore less wastage

d] Use better quality raw materials – This can reduce the amount of time wasted on rejected or defective products. A business should ensure they find the supplier who can supply the best quality resources, but at a competitive price and also with reliable delivery.


Conclusion

Improvement in efficiency are not that easy to obtain. For instance managers may find workers resistant to changes such as introducing new machinery or new working practices. This is because workers fear that changes will lead to redundancies. It can also take a long time for any new strategies to feed through into the form of increased efficiency. In addition, there can be a conflict between productivity and quality. Increasing productivity by its nature implies increasing the speed of production, and if managers are not careful, this can mean that workers focus solely on quantity and not the quality of their work.